The Finnish class of 9 B had a task to write about their Finnish identities. They answered the question: What does it mean for me to be a Finn? How do I see Finnish people?

To be a Finn means to me freedom, forests, clean lakes and peace. Finland is a welfare state and we can be proud of our good standard of living and equalitity between women and men. I am happy that I was born in our country. Finland is one of the Nordic countries and it plays a big role in our identity. We have not always been independent and that is why the independence day, on sixth December, is very important for us. On that day Finnish flags wawe everywhere, we have candels in our windows and in the presidents castle is a big independence celebration. Maybe that is one difference between Germany and Finland.
Saija Paasikoski

I wasn't born in Finland, but I've lived here the most part of my life. I'm really proud to be a Finnish person and that I live here. You don't have to be afraid, that for example a war comes. Compared to Germany, we have a lot of celebration days, that we celebrate in different ways. Every Independence day, 6.12, the president of Finland, Tarja Halonen, invites many people to celebrate it in her castle, and it´s shown on television.
I think that Finland is probably the only country in the world, that has free food for students in schools.
It´s good to live in Finland!
Julia Kuga

This is a very difficult question but I think that I am very glad that I was born in Finland. Because I think this is one of the safest place to live. In Finland there is no hunger. Everyone have school where they can go and they have the chance to do every job they want to.
Kim Kellman

Mitä on olla suomalainen?
Minä olen ylpeä siitä, että voin puhua omalla kielellä, olen ylpeä siitä, että voin sanoa Sibeliuksen olleen suomalainen. Olen ylpeä, että Suomesta tulee niin hyviä moottoriurheilijoita ja olen ylpeä siitä, että Suomessa tehdään karjalanpiirakoita. Mielestäni suomalaisuutta pitää puolustaa sen kaikissa muodoissa maailmalla. Osaan iloita siitä, että joku tekee omalla alallaan Suomea tunnetuksi. Olen myös ylpeä siitä, että näin pieni kansa on onnistunut säilyttämään itsenäisyytensä. Suomessa on myös puhdas luonto ja jokaiselle ihmiselle annetaan mahdollisuus hyvään elämään ilman sairautta ja nälkää. On hienoa olla suomalainen.
Juska Pekkanen
[Juska Pekkanen is happy to translate this to the German friends. Greetings from the Finnish teacher Mikko Hakala.]

I'm Finnish and that means a lot for me. I can live very free, i dont have to worry about war's or stuff like that and in Finland there is not so much crime. Our society keeps our poor people alive and we don't have to worry about anything. Finland is quite rich land but we got also very high tax. And we can go school and that's free for us (thanks for tax's) and we can get free food from school.
Juho Laaksonen

I was born in Germany. It doesn`t mean much to me. I live in Finland where I don`t have to live in fear of a war. It`s very important for me to live in a Finland.
"I`m proud to be a Finn." In Finland we have very beautiful nature.
Best thing in Finland is sport and specially Finnish sportstars like Mika Häkkinen, Sami Hyypiä and Teemu Selänne.
Mikko Miettinen

I am very glad that I was born in Finland. It means a lot to me that Finland is an independent state.
We celebrate our independence on 6th of December. Midsummer is in the end of June. Then the sun shines 24 hours in Lapland. Of course we celebrate also Christmas and Easter. In my opinion Finland takes a good care of senior citizens and children and young people. For example first nine years of education are totally free. At school we get a free lunch an free books. Also healthcare is free until you turn 18. Finland is a beautiful and clean country with a lot of forests and lakes. It is great to live in Finland!
Eeva- Maria Ruotsalainen

I am very glad that I have born in Finland. It means a lot to me. In Finland we have very beautiful nature, clean air and clean water. We have high tax's but, It is good for example At school we get a free lunch and free books Also healthcare is free until you turn 18. I am proud that we have own language. Also I am proud that so small country what Finland rely is have save its independence. I am glad if somebody can keep our fame up for example making a good sport action, its very important for eny country. In Finland its good that I don't have to worry about war's. In Finland we don't have no hunger if somebody see hunger government will help him. Finland is a welfare state and we can be proud of our good standard of living and equalitity between women and men. I am glad that we have The woman President Tarja Halonen.
I think that Finland is probably the only country in the world where I will live. Finland is very good country to live.
Aake Kalmari

I don`t know is it so different to live in Finland instead to live in some other country, maybe, maybe not. I like to be Finnish because it`s easy to live here in peace, or i am just used to live here. But i don`t want to leave the country where i live (home sweet home).
Joni Salonen

It´s very specially to be Finnish, there is a clean nature, clean water and freedom to be just what you ever want.. In Finland we don't leave people indistress and we look out for people..and also in Finland you get to study for free. You can live your own life as you want to here.
Tomi Lappalainen

I feel that I am a Finn, when the Finnish athletes are succesful and win in the international sports games and when the flag of Finland is rising. Nokia`s success is a great thing and a thing to be pride of for the Finnish people.
Tommi Kumpulainen

When we're thinking how Winter war affects can be seen in nowdays Finland, I think that when a small Finland had enough courage to fight with the big and powerful Soviet Union it has still made people think that we are brave, persistent and unyielding people. Also Finnish people solidarity is maybe from the Winter war days, because it was the time when people had to work a lot together.
Elisa Raivisto

The Finnish pupils of the class 9 B wanted tell you something about the turning points of the Finnish history. Every one got from the teacher one historical turning point and he/she wrote about it, and also explained how it is affecting today in our society.

Finland joins the European Union
Finland joined the European Union 1.1.1995. Before the joining it was held a
consultative referendum 16.10.1994. 57 % of the voters supported to join and 43 % of the voters were opposite to it. Ahvenanmaa had an own referendum, in which the majority supported to join. Ahvenanmaa got however exceptions to the contract among other things to do the economic life and tax-relieves for the duty-free action.

That we are a part of the EU increases the security of Finland and joins it closer to the West-Europe, because the Union has a common security policy.
The advantage is also that export -and import goods have no custom duties any more in the trade between the EU-countries.

The EU- citizens have a similar red passport and it is easier to travel. Also if you have just an identity card you can travel inside the EU.
You have a right to study in any member country of the EU and the exams are identical in all the EU -countries. You can also go and work in the EU-countries.
In this year, 2002, it was taken a common money, euro in 12 EU-countries. It makes easier to travel, because you don't need to change the currency and it is easier to compare the prices.

The EU gives all kinds of supports, for example for environment plans, technical and scientific projects.
Finland's agriculture gets also the EU-support.

Tommi Kumpulainen

Continuous War
In the "jatkosota-Continuous War" Finland was holding the front against The Soviet Union 1941-44. Stalin was unable to occupie Finland. In the year 1944 at the same time when allied forces attacked in Normandia, Stalin started a great attack to Finland. Stalin was able to with draw Soviet troops from the German front to Finland because Germans had to send troops to Normandy.When Soviet Union started the attack, whole Finland was shaking because the huge artillery fired.The Russians broke through the lines, but were stopped soon. It was the biggest battle in Scandinavia ever. Stalin said after the battle: "It appears that Finns rather die then give up their independence." Today Finns have noticed that our things would not be fine if the Russians would have taken Finland. Stalin even had a plan to transfer all the Finns to Siberia. Today about 90% ofthe Finnish young men do the military service. It is even hard to get work without a paper about military service.

Lapplands war
After the peace between Soviet Union and Finland 1944. Stalin demanded that all German troops had to be taken war prisoners in the Lapland off Finland. (German army was fighting against Russians in the northern Finland). At first Finns did not want to shoot Germans, but Stalin demanded it. Stalin wanted to hold German troops in Lapland, they wouldn`t have time to come to defend Germany. Soon a war broke out between Germans and Finns. Germans was scared to be sent to Soviet Union and thatis why they fought hard back. Germans also burned the whole Lapland. Even today some Finns are still bitter about it. The German troops didn`t murder any Finnish civilians in the conflict.
Joni Salonen

Mika Häkkinen
When Mika Häkkinen won his first Formula one world championchip in year 1998, it really wasn`t big thing in Finnish history, but it increased Finland`s reputation as an motor sport country.
More repitation Finland got only year after it, when Mika Häkkinen won his second world championship in year 1999. These days Mika`s achivements helps young Finnish drivers to build up their own career, and people who live abroad know much more about Finland.
That must helped Kimi Räikkönen`s very quick rise to F1 drivers company. Just because Mika Häkkinen keeps one year break it doesn`t mean that Finn`s interest of Formula one dosen`t disappear.

Tarja Halonen
When Finnish people choosed Tarja Halonen to president in year 2000 she was first female president in our country. All ten presidents before Tarja Halonen, have been men.
Nowadays Halonen affects maybe a little bit to woman`s position in Finland. She also tryes to importe minorities situation and position
Because Tarja Halonen was our first female president it first felt weird in people`s mind, but it went over. Halonen has been great president and took good care of our country.
Mikko Miettinen

The finnish mark
Mark is originally a scandinavian weigth unit which was mentioned in the english literature as early as the year 857. From there it has spred to both Germany and France. The Mark of Cologne was Germany´s official money unit between the years 1524-1857. The mark became Finland´s official money unit in 1860, Germany´s in 1871 and was Estonia´s official currency between 1918-1928.
1840 The Russian Rouble became the only official money in Finland when the swedish currency was taken out of use.
1853 The Bank of Finland gets permission to press it´s own silver roubles.
The War of Krim causes inflation and silver is relinguished. Finland want´s it´s own money but is careful about it, cause it doesn´t want to upset the russians.
1860 With permission from the Russian Emperor, Finland get´s to press it´s own money cause they are short of change. The value of the Finnish Mark is about one fourth of the russian rouble. Mark is used besides rouble
1865 Finland tranfers back to silver: bills can be changed in to silver. Russian bills are bought out.
1864 Finland gets it´s own coin press and the year 1885 it´s own bill press.
1877 Finland transfers to gold: mark is tied to The French Frang.
1915 Due to the inflation caused by the World War 1, gold is relinguished.
The amount of the bills is set by the amount of money in possession of the Finnish Bank and the money to be collected from abroad.
1963 Two zeros are removed from the value of the money and penny is brought to use.
2002 We´re saying goodbye to the Finnish Mark and transferring into Euro-money; so at this time it seems that the lifeline of The Finnish Mark gets to be no more than 141 years old.
Eva Ruotsalainen

Talvisota 1939-1940
The non-agression contract between Finland and Soviet Union was dropped, when the russians blamed the finns for direing guns on their side. This incident led to arguments and the Red Army attacked Finland on the 30th of November in1939. The attack came as a surprise to Finland, so weapons and equipment were defective. Russians thought, that Finland would be easy to defeat, but finns fought very hard back. But soon Finland was driven to despair, because many people died and a lot of people were wounded. To find a solution finns made an attacked on russians. Finns had defective equipment and they were tired, so they have to make peace on the 13th of March in 1940. Finland had to cede to Russia, the isthmus of Karelia, the Laatokka Karelia, the Kuusamo area and parts of Kalastajasaarento in Petsamo. Hankoniemi had to be leased out to Russia for 30 years . Nearly 23000 finnish soldiers and over a thousand civilians died in the Winter War. Russia lost nearly ten times more. Over 43000 finns had to leave their homes in ceded areas.
IN WHAT WAY WAS THE WINTER WAR A TUNNING POINT?
It was a turning point, because Finland had to cede lots of areas. It was a turning point too, because they had to make peace. Even thought finns couldn't get back the old areas.
HOW YOU CAN SEE THE INFLUENCE OF WINTER WAR IN PRESENT DAY FINLAND?
Due to the Winter War Finland could keep its Independence. The areas cedes to Russia influence in present day. Ex-servicemen, who are still alive, influence on present day too. We have still persistent and unyielding character.
Julia Kuga

When we're thinking how Winter wars affects can be seen in todays Finland, I think that when a small Finland had enough courage to fight with the big and powerful Soviet Union it has still made people think that we are brave, persistent and unyielding peoples. Also Finnish people solidarity is maybe from the Winter wars days, because it was the time when people had to work a lot together.
Elisa Raivisto

YYA-pact
In 1948 Finland and the Soviet Union made the YYA-pact, according to which Finland should protect its territory, if somebody tried to attack the Soviet Union through Finland. The Soviet Union gave Finland back Porkkala naval base to show friendship in 1955. The YYA Treaty, extended in 1955, 1970 and 1983, required Finland to repel any attack on the USSR through Finnish territory but otherwise the country maintained a policy of strict neutrality. After a year YYA-pact was prolonged until 2003, but it was called off after the Soviet Union had broken down.
Relations were becoming warmer. The same year The USSR invaded in 1939 after Finland rejected its request for military bases on its territory. In the 15 week Winter War, Finland was defeated and lost territory, joining Germany in attacking the USSR to try to regain it. In 1944, it agreed to a separate armistice and was forced to cede 12% of its total area and make huge war reparations. It signed the Finno-Soviet Pact of Friendship, Co-operation and Mutual Assistance (the YYA Treaty) in 1948. The war reparations to the USSR amounted to 5% of the Gross Domestic Product in 1945-8 but were paid off in 1952. Finland joined the UN in 1955 and also became a member of the Nordic Council which includes Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. It signed a trade agreement with the EC in 1973 and a 15 year trade agreement with the USSR in 1977 and was admitted to the Council of Europe in 1989. Finland was approved to EU in 1999.
YYA-pact affects this day Finland in the way that Finland and Russia have good relationships. In EU Finland is also considered as an expert with the political matters with Russia. Many Germans have experiences about Russians through the former "East-German times", but the experience is different. We Finns became very skilful with hard political situations, and how to deal with Russians when they are putting some pressure on us. The YYA-treatment affects also that Finns and Russians have also a new treatment today, which is quite similar and is called: "neighbourhood-trial"
Aake Kalmari

Jean Sibelius
Allmoust everybody know Jean Sibelius. Finlandia is his moust well-known melody.Sibelius was very musical boy when he was young. Whwn he was a school he play piano and violin very well and he made two wery popular song:Vattendroppar and Vesipisaroita.Gustav Legvander was he`s first music teacher.Summer of 1885 Jean was university student.
Parents
Sibelius father,Christian Gustav and mother Maria Charlotta Sibelius,bouth was very musical persons.Jean`s granny loved music very much.She saw how musical person Jean was whwn he was young.1868 Christian Gustav died and same time Charlotta was pregnant.Jean`s father was doctor when he died.
Joonas Halonen, Saija Paasikoski

The civil war in Finland (1917-1919)
How did it start ?
In the Finnish Parlament the members of the Workers' Movement became a minority. Because they did not have any political influence they were frustrated and wanted to start a revolution. The Nation was divided to revolutionaries, of which the biggest part were Social Democrats (supporters of the Communism) and the conservatives, who wanted to maintain the traditional order. The Social Democrats were called The Reds (the Left) and the Conservatives the Whites ( the Right).
Right at the start a front was formed between these two groups from west to east of the country. The Germans sent a force to support the Whites. Russian was ready to give military forces to fight and help the Reds. Russian was afraid that if the war continued Germany would have intervened the conflict. Due to the pressure of Germany the Soviet Government stopped the open support of the Reds.

Around the fights there was a lot of violence, which had nothing to do with the war, red and white terrorism. The executions were often made roughly and many innocent people were killed. The Whites executed 8300 Reds and exterminated in the prison camp over 12000 Reds. The Reds killed approximately 1650 Whites. This phenomenon has remained in peoples' mind more permanently than the war itself and its' reasons.

The German division of the Baltic sea attacted the continent of Finland in order to help the Whites and they were able to conquer back Helsinki from the Reds. By negotionations and political pressure the Germans could remove the Russian groups from Finland. The Sovjet governement was ready to the peace negotiations.The Whites had won.

How was the Civil War a turnpoint ?
After the Whites had won the war Finland and Russia made a peace Treaty and Russia could not interfere any more the policy of Finland. As a result of the war the political power moved permanently to the rigt.. The Whites had the biggest authority, which has propably helped Finland to be one of the leading market economy countries. Finland is today also a member of the European Union.
How does the Civil War influence today ?
If the Reds had won the war Finland would propably have become a communistic state and we would have been under the Sovjet Union. This would have slowed down the industrial development (like in Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia ). One idea of the Finnish Welfare State has been to prevent big income gaps and strict class society. Nevertheless still people talk about the conservatives and working class and there is even special sportclubs for both groups.
Saija Paasikoski

United Nations
United Nations founded in 1945, it consist of 189 state members
Finland joined to United Nations in 1955.
Besides United Nations couldn´t stopped wars, famine and misery,
It has been developed many successthings.
There are many money collections to assistansies and we help anothers United
Nations countries if somewhere is war finnish UN military forces will go and
help them to keep peaceful situations on. There have been some Finnish persons on very important position in UN government. For example Harri Holkeri and Helvi Sipilä. United Nations tries to keep co-operation with small and big countries in the
World.
Tomi Lappalainen

The Civil War of Finland
The Russian soldiers, many of which still remained in Finland, tried to raise the Finns against each other, especially against the rightful Parliament. In the twenty-seventh day of January, 1918, the Russian-minded Finns, or the Reds as they were called, invaded Helsinki and seized the house of the Parliament. They thought that Finland should, like Russia, become a realm of communism, as Russia had became. Thus began the Civil War of Finland. Most of the Finns, however, joined the party opposing the communist Reds. That party, fighting for the legal government, was called the Whites. The Parliament-led Whites, some of whom had fled Helsinki, set their headquarters into Vaasa, a city in the coast of the Gulf of Bothnia. The Whites were led by Carl Gustaf Mannerheim, the greatest of all Finnish war heroes. He had fought many wars in the czar's armies, but now stood with his homeland in its greatest hour of need.
The army of Whites was strengthened by the so-called Jaegers, who had earlier travelled to Germany, seeing that the newly-independent Finland would soon need men who could fight, as the Finnish army had been disbanded in the turn of the century. They had been trained as soldiers in Germany, in the old and proud Prussian way, and now returned to fight in the ranks of the Whites. Germans gave also help to the young republic, in the form of arms. An attachment of German soldiers was also playing a part in the battles fought in the southern Finland to liberate Helsinki. During the war Russians officially called all their soldiers home, but several staying to fight in the ranks of the Reds.

Finally, after three months of bloody, hate-filled fighting, brother against brother, father against son, the war ended with the recapture of Helsinki and the victory of the Whites. The scars of the fighting remained, however, to bitter the minds for many years to come.


Effects of the Civil war
Effects of the Civil war were significant until 1960's and 70's, when were strong Left-wing and Right-wing.
Whole Finland was divided to red and white areas.
Nowdays effects are seen chiefly by voting results between localitys.

The Civil war had influence on constitutional rights of Finnish people, as example freedom of speech and freedom of assembly. After the war civil guards prohibited.

It affected to the sports too: athletics were divided to two camps. White-wing had the Finnish Athlete and Sport federation, Red-wing had the Worker's Sport federation. Afterwards they have united.

The most important point is that because of victory of Right-wing, Finland is still that "blue and white" Finland.
If Red-wing had won, Finland would probably now be communistic country and under orders of Russian.
Juska Pekkanen

Suomen lipun historia 1581-2002
Itsenäisyyttä edeltänyt aika
Suomi sai varsinaisesti oman virallisen lippunsa vasta vuonna 1918, mutta kuitenkin jo tätä ennen löytyy historiasta mainintoja erityisistä Suomessa käytetyistä lipuista. Kun Suomi vuonna 1581 sai suuriruhtinaanmaan arvon (Ruotsin alaisuudessa) ja oman leijonavaakunan, ryhdyttiin täällä käyttämään punakeltaisia värejä kansallisväreinä. Usein lipuissa oli kuvattuna punaisella pohjalla kultainen jalopeura, joka tallasi käpälillään itämaista käyräsapelia.
1860-luvulla Suomessa heräsi ensimmäisen kerran laajempaa keskustelua omasta kansallislipusta. Tämä liittyi Suomessa viriävään suomalaisuusaatteeseen (fennomaniaan). Vuonna 1863 Suomessa tehtiin jo useita luonnoksia Suomen kansallislipuksi. Helsingfors Dagbladetin yhdessä ehdotuksessa oli punaisella pohjalla keltainen risti, jota reunusti sininen raita. Zachris Topeliuksen lippuehdotuksessa oli valkoisella
pohjalla kolme sinistä raitaa vinottain ja keskimmäisen raidan keskellä oli viisisakarainen tähti. Lehdessä esiteltiin myös lippu, jossa oli valkoinen risti sinisellä pohjalla. Ehkäpä hauskin aikalaisehdotus oli Otto Donnerin lippu, jossa oli valkoisella pohjalla sininen raita vinottain ja oikea yläkulma ja vasen alakulma olivat punaiset. Aikalaiset näet pitivät tätä ehdotusta paremminkin karkkipaperikilpailuun sopivana.
Lippua suunniteltaessa käytiin eniten kiistaa siitä pitäisikö käyttää sini-valkoista vaiko puna-keltaista väritystä. Tämä kiistely loppui kuitenkin lyhyeen, sillä lippuja ei koskaan päästy esittämään edes valtiopäiville saakka. Tästä oli seurauksena se, että Suomessa käytettiin rinnan useita eri lippuja. Kuvaavaa oli seuraavanlainen kuvaus lippujen käytöstä: "Kaupungilla liehuivat julkisissa rakennuksissa leijonaliput ja yksityisten katoille oli ilmestynyt uusia omia lippujamme: sini- ja valkeakaistaisia tai siniraitaisia kuin Kreikan lippu tai enimmät punakeltaisia, toiset keltajuovaisia kuin Espanjan lippu, joukossa Ruotsin lippujakin...".

Itsenäisyyden aika
Suomen itsenäistyttyä tuli tärkeäksi saada oma kansallislippu, jolla voitaisiin kuvata Suomen valtiollista vapautta. Jo ennen julistautumista itsenäiseksi oli Suomen merenkulkuliiton hallinto esittänyt senaatille pyynnön oman kauppalipun säätämisestä. Tätä varten perustettiinkin lippukomitea, jossa olivat jäseninä kauppaneuvos Lars Krogius, arkkitehti Eliel Saarinen ja filosofian tohtori Uuno T. Sirelius.
Komitea ehdotti Suomen valtiolipuksi (8.12.1917) karmiinisinoberipohjalle (tummanpunainen) tankoon päin kääntynyttä Suomen vaakunan leijonaa kullankeltaisin ja valkoisin värein. Merenkulku- ja kauppalipuksi komitea ehdotti punaisella pohjalla keltaista ristiä, jossa olisi vasemmassa yläkulmassa yhdeksän valkoista ruusua. Senaatti kannatti lippukomitean ehdottamaa valtiolippua, mutta merenkulku- ja kauppalippuun tehtiin selviä muutoksia. Merenkulku- ja kauppalipuksi senaatti ehdotti ristilippua, jossa oli punaisella pohjalla sinivalkoisen raidan reunustama kullankeltainen pystyristi.
Senaatti jätti ehdotuksensa eduskunnalle hyväksyttäväksi, jossa ehdotukset aiheuttivat kiivasta keskustelua ja lopulta johtivat siihen, että eduskunnan ulkoasiainvaliokunta julisti taiteilijoille kilpailun Suomen lipun suunnittelusta. Taiteilijoiden ehdotuksia tuli kuitenkin hitaasti, jolloin päätettiin, että Suomen lippuna käytettäisiin vuoden 1918 toukokuun alkuun saakka sini-valkoista vaatetta, joka koostui kahdesta samankokoisesta suorakaiteen muotoisesta kankaasta.
Tämäkään ehdotus ei ehtinyt saada eduskunnan hyväksyntää, koska Suomessa puhkesi sisällissota. Heti sodan jälkeen ryhdyttiin kuitenkin uudelleen miettimään Suomen kansallislippua ja sen kehittelemisen aloitti Lauri Ingman. Tässä vaiheessa kysyttiin mielipidettä myös taiteilija Akseli Gallén-Kallelalta, joka kannatti lippua, jossa oli valkoinen risti sinisellä pohjalla. Myös tätä vaihtoehtoa harkittiin, mutta se hylättiin koska kaukaa katsottuna lippu saattoi sekoittua Ruotsin lippuun ja lisäksi Islannin epävirallinen lippu oli ehdotuksen kaltainen.
Lopulta lippua ryhtyivät suunnittelemaan sotilaspukukomitean piirustustoimiston taiteilijat Eero Snellman ja Bruno Tuukkanen. Nämä miehet päätyivät seuraavanlaisiin ehdotuksiin; valtiolipuksi tulisi valkoisella pohjalla merensininen risti, jossa olisi ristin keskuksessa Suomen vaakuna. Merenkulku- ja kauppalipuksi tulisi pelkkä sininen risti valkoisella pohjalla. Perustuslakivaliokunta hyväksyi nämä ehdotukset ja ne esiteltiin eduskunnalle. Jälleen kerran ehdotukset aiheuttivat laajaa keskustelua eduskunnassa, mutta kuitenkin suurin osa edustajista kannatti ehdotettuja lippuja. Toukokuun 28. päivänä 1918 eduskunta hyväksyi ehdotetut liput Suomen virallisiksi lipuiksi, ja jo samana iltana nousi uusi Suomen lippu eduskuntatalon salkoon. Valtioneuvoston päätöksellä poistettiin 12.2.1920 valtiolipun vaakunassa ollut kruunu.

Suomen vaakuna ja uusimmat liput

Lähteet
Ahti Martti, Salaliiton ääriviivat. Weilin + Göös, Helsinki 1987.
Alapuro Risto, State and Revolution in Finland. University of California Press, Berkeley 1988.
Alapuro Risto, Suomen synty paikallisena ilmiönä 1890-1933. Hanki ja jää, Helsinki 1994.
Apunen Osmo, Rajamaasta tasavallaksi. Teoksessa: Suomen historia 6, Espoo 1987. s. 46 - 407.
Arimo Reino, Saksalaisten sotilaallinen toiminta Suomessa vuonna 1918. Pohjois-Suomen historiallinen yhditys, Rovaniemi 1991.
Arki ja murros. Tutkimuksia keisariajan lopun Suomesta. Toim. Matti Peltonen. Suomen Historiallinen Seura, Jyväskylä 1990.
Aronsalo Sirkka, Poliittisen väkivallan yhteiskunnallisia edellytyksiä. Punainen ja valkoinen väkivalta Suomessa vuonna 1918. Väitöskirja. Tampereen yliopisto, 1994.

Liput ovat teoksesta Hulkko, Jouko: Siniristilippumme, Helsinki 1963.

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